N. Appleton (SSC-Caltech)This website uses cookies to personalise content and ads, and to analyse user traffic. Astronomer Bob Fosbury, who is stepping down as Head of the ST-ECF, was responsible for much of the early research into the Cartwheel Galaxy along with the late Tim Hawarden — including giving the object its very apposite name — and so this image was selected as a fitting tribute. La forme en roue de charrette de cette galaxie est le résultat d'une violente collision galactique qui s'est produite il y a environ 200 millions d'années. The galaxy has been tidally distorted by a collision with another galaxy into the ring-and-hub or cartwheel structure for which it is known.The shockwave travelled at high speeds, roughly 200,000 miles per hour, sweeping up dust and gas and triggering star forming activity around the galaxy’s central region. This spiral structure is beginning to re-emerge, as seen in the faint arms or spokes between the outer ring and bulls-eye shaped nucleus. This object is one of the most dramatic examples of the small class of ring galaxies. N. Appleton (SSC/Caltech)In this version, the insets above the composite show how each telescope individually views the Cartwheel galaxy. The most recent star burst (star formation due to compression waves) has lit up the Cartwheel rim, which has a diameter larger than the Milky Way. Hubble resolves bright blue knots that are gigantic clusters of newborn stars and immense loops and bubbles blown into space by exploding stars (supernovae) going off like a string of firecrackers. Meanwhile, the tints of green are less massive, older visible light stars.

Image: ESA/Hubble & NASAThe galaxy’s spiral structure is now starting to re-emerge, with faint arms or spokes appearing between the galaxy’s nucleus and the outer ring.The intruder galaxy that passed through the larger Cartwheel is one of the smaller galaxies seen near the Cartwheel in images. Expanding at 200,000 miles per hour, this cosmic tsunami leaves in its wake a firestorm of new star creation.

This spectacular galaxy is the result of a rare and violent head-on collision with a smaller galaxy.

Like a rock tossed into a lake, the collision sent a ripple of energy into space, plowing gas and dust in front of it.

These X-ray point sources are very likely collections of binary star systems containing a blackhole (called Massive X-ray Binary Systems). Previously, scientists believed the ring marked the outermost edge of the galaxy, but the latest GALEX observations detect a faint disk, not visible in this image, that extends to twice the diameter of the ring. Astronomers had previously believed that the ring marked the galaxy’s outermost edge.The Cartwheel Galaxy allows astronomers to study the formation of extremely massive stars in large fragmented clouds of gas. The outside ring is comprised of hot blue stars, formed from waves of density moving outwards following the collision. This region of the galaxy represents the second ripple, or ring wave, created in the collision, but has much less star for mation activity than the first (outer) ring wave.

The Hubble Space Telescope’s (middle right) false color view was taken with the B and I bands of the telescope’s Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2. An estimation of the galaxy's span resulted in a conclusion of 150,000 The Cartwheel galaxy shows non-thermal radio and optical spokes, but they are not the same spokes.The unusual shape of the Cartwheel Galaxy may be due to a collision with a smaller galaxy such as those in the lower left of the image. The object was first spotted on wide-field images from the UK Schmidt telescope and then studied in detail using the Anglo-Australian Telescope. This would explain the bridge of material, a trail of neutral hydrogen gas, connecting the Cartwheel Galaxy and ones of the smaller galaxies nearby.What was left of the core was highly unstable and a large electromagnetic field spun around it, inducing massive stars and expelling them in a ring pattern at high speed.

In the larger composite, Chandra’s X-ray data are also portrayed as purple. The ring contains at least several billion new stars that would not normally have been created in such a short time span and is so large (150,000 light-years across) … The wisps of red spread throughout the interior of the galaxy are organic molecules that have been illuminated by nearby low-level star formation.

Its estimated mass is between 2.9 and 4.8 billion solar masses.The Cartwheel Galaxy is one of the brightest sources of ultraviolet emission in the local universe.As a result of the collision with the smaller galaxy, there are older stars in the Cartwheel Galaxy’s inner region, seen in ultraviolet wavelengths.The images of the Cartwheel Galaxies reveal many faint, more distant galaxies, which form a large superstructure and lie near the Sculptor Wall, an enormous structure of galaxy clusters that extends outwards for more than a billion of light years.Approximately 100 million years ago, a smaller galaxy plunged through the heart of Cartwheel galaxy, creating ripples of brief star formation.
The mission’s contribution to the Cartwheel galaxy in the main image is depicted as green.
Approximately 100 million years ago, a smaller galaxy smashed into the heart of the large spiral. The Cartwheel Galaxy is notable for having a large number of X-ray sources identified as black holes in binary systems. The cartwheel galaxy was likely a spiral galaxy very similar to the Milky Way. It's a bit larger than the Milky Way, and is located very far away in the constellation Sculptor. Image: NASA/JPL-Caltech/P.

The Galaxy Evolution Explorer’s false color view (middle left) was taken with the telescope’s Far Ultraviolet detector. The galaxy’s centre itself was not affected, while the ring around the bright core is a starburst region.An image of the Cartwheel Galaxy taken with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has been reprocessed using the latest techniques to mark the closure of the Space Telescope European Coordination Facility (ST-ECF), based near Munich in Germany, and to celebrate its achievements in supporting Hubble science in Europe over the past 26 years. At least one of these expelled balls-of-light became one of the smaller galaxies seen next to the Cartwheel. The Spitzer Space Telescope’s false color view (top right) of the galaxy was taken at 8.0 microns with the telescope’s Infrared Array Camera. The ring contains at least several billion new stars that would not normally have been created in such a short time span and is so large (150,000 light-years across) our entire Milky Way Galaxy would fit inside.

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