Russia's military presence in countries such as the Central African Republic often goes hand-in-hand with commercial interests. On the other hand, Russian development and humanitarian aid to the continent is minimal.

In the runup to the 2020 election, the graduates of Russia's infamous "troll factory" are honing their fake-news skills. While Russia's influence in Africa is growing, it remains a comparatively marginal player in most of the continent, except in a few key countries and economic sectors. By contrast, recent years have seen a renewed Russian interest in the continent, as part of President Vladimir Putin's drive to reassert his country as a major global player. Prigozhin’s companies work in all of these areas — our analysis of this Africa influence operation suggests these pages and networks were expressly designed to boost support for their activities in the targeted countries.This support could have many layers. Moscow has long been the continent's leading supplier of weapons, and it has military cooperation deals with nearly two dozen African countries. It’s using disinformation to get there.
Overall, Russian trade and investment in the continent is quite small, except in the strategic energy and mining sectors: oil, gas, diamonds, gold, aluminium and nickel are among the African minerals extracted by Russian companies. Russia tends to conduct government-aligned influence operations in service to some kind of geopolitical aim. The accounts posted at a high rate — with over 8,900 posts in October alone.We saw consistent tactics across these Facebook pages. However, in the 1990s, post-Soviet turmoil ended many of Russia's global ambitions, including in Africa.

We analyzed the networks targeting the first six of these countries — an investigation involving 73 Facebook pages and seven Instagram accounts. While Russia's influence in Africa is growing, it remains a comparatively marginal player in most of the continent, except in a few key countries and economic sectors. Russia's African toolkit also includes covert political influence operations – again, involving shady Kremlin-linked organisations, soft power (building on Soviet-era links and a growing media presence), and increasingly close diplomatic ties. As in other parts of the world, Russia has various means of promoting its influence. In October, the Russian government hosted the first The operation targeted Libya, Sudan, Madagascar, the Central African Republic, Mozambique, Congo, Ivory Coast and Cameroon. These pages had “likes” from more than 1.7 million accounts, though some of these likes are probably from the same account. Among other things, these provide for the presence of military trainers and advisors, and a small but growing number of Russian 'boots on the ground', many of them coming from shadowy private military companies closely linked to Putin's entourage. Russia, Africa and the future. Although Facebook offers a Page Transparency feature that, in most cases, shows users where a page’s administrators are located, a Libyan user who looked into the pages targeting Libya would have seen a group of administrators located in Egypt, but no such group in Russia.What were these pages supposed to accomplish? However, in the 1990s, post-Soviet turmoil ended many of Russia's global ambitions, including in Africa. Its role is therefore viewed with concern by the EU institutions and Member States. In 1869, for instance, the Russians gave Ethiopia military support to threaten the position of the British in their quest to control the Suez Canal.

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